前言:
Oracle的序列(SEQUENCE)A SCHEMA OBJECT THAT GENERATES A SERIAL LIST OF UNIQUE NUMBERS FOR TABLE COLUMNS.TO USE A SEQUENCE ,YOUR SCHEMA MUST CONTAIN THE SEQUENCE OR YOU MUST HAVE BEEN GRANTED THE SELECT OBJECT PRIVILEGE FOR ANOTHER USER IS SEQUENCE.ONCE A SEQUENCE IS DEFINED,IT CAN BE ACCESSED AND INCREMENTED BY MULTIPLE USERS(WHO HAVE SELECT OBJECT PRIVILEGE FOR THE SEQUENCE CONTAINING THE SEQUENCE)WITH NO WAITING.THE DATABASE DOES NOT WAIT FOR A TRANSACTION THAT HAS INCREMENTED A SEQUENCE TO COMPLETE BEFORE THAT SEQUENCE CAN BE INCREMENTED AGAIN.
简单说:序列一般用于自动递增生成主键值 ..
但是否有一些情况会导致调用SEQ_….NEXTVAL时大于主键最大值呢?
场景:
主键表 -> T表 ‘100W’数据同步到T1表(同步:TRUNCATE/DELETE或IMPDP…等方式[手动改数据])
例如: T表对应SEQ_T.NEXTVAL= 100W;
T1表对应SEQ_T.NEXTVAL= 10W;
TRUNCATE TABLE T1;
INSERT TABLE T1 SELECT * FROM T;
数据同步但T1表对应SEQ_T.NEXTVAL= 10W序列不变;
此时T1调用序列INSERT到T1表时就会报错 ( ORA-00001 : 违反唯一约束条件 (LOTTERY.PK_T1))
(若批量同步很多表就可能会引起很多表序列需要更新成主键最大值+ 1才能保证不报错
(可以用把源库的SEQUENCE同步过来①或者如下存储解决② ))
①PLSQL 工具的COMPARE USER OBJECTS可以解决SEQUENCE序列对象同步到其他环境…在此就不细说了
②我们环境序列一般都是由SEQ_表名字组成.所以写批量更新存储的时候比较方便~
如下存储针对常用于以上场景的环境,,生产环境不批量导新数据/同步用户数据/表数据 就很少用到…也可只提供参考…
–批量更新序列存储–
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE P_SYNCSEQ(USERNAME VARCHAR2 /*传入要检查/更新序列的用户*/ ) IS
/*
**@AUTHOR 毛海晴
ORACLE 批量更新SEQUENCE
注释:
批量更新SEQUENCE,
更新序列下一个值 = 主键最大值+1
—序列创建时,属性NOMAXVALUE=最大值是10的28次方
思路:
1、找到每个表主键列 且在该表主键最大值是什么?
2、找到表对应SEQUENCE值 与 表主键最大值去对比。
如果SEQUENCE 下一个值大于表主键最大值就不做更新;
否则需要进行更新(2中更新方式)
1)删除SEQUENCE ,创建新序列开始值为表主键最大值+1; –本文选择此方案…嘿嘿~
(坏处:赶好在DROP SEQUENCE..而程序也恰巧调用依赖它的函数和存储过程将失效
但 后续CREATE SEQUENCE了,再调用了会重新编译 调用..不会报错….有实验过哦~)
2)ALTER SEQUENCE .. INCREMENT BY .. NOCACHE;
SELECT …NEXTVAL FROM DUAL;
ALTER SEQUENCE .. INCREMENT BY 1 CACHE 20;
…. sequence.nextval其实也可以用user_sequences.last_number字段实现..由于最早存储就这样的写就没改~…谅解~
SEQUENCE和表名长度最大限制是30
SEQUENCE规范的名字SEQ_+表名字 — 此处规范只是管理维护方便而已 并不是非要这样要求
如果表名长度大小大于26 加上”SEQ_”就大于了SEQUENCE长度限制的30
若表名长度大于26,那对应序列肯定不是规范命名(SEQ_表名字),再由于这样的序列并不多,所以将这些一一处理
在更新前可先注释掉EXECUTE IMMEDIATE,先作下测试看下效果,免得EXECUTE IMMEDIATE DROP .后创建报错,导致在调用 序列不会创建,也校验不到序列
所需权限:
— 创建序列权限 —
— Grant/Revoke system privileges
grant create sequence to LOTTERY;
–查询权限–
— Grant/Revoke object privileges
grant select on DBA_CONSTRAINTS to LOTTERY;
grant select on DBA_CONS_COLUMNS to LOTTERY;
grant select on DBA_SEQUENCES to LOTTERY;
grant select on DBA_TABLES to LOTTERY;
grant select on DBA_TAB_COLUMNS to LOTTERY;
–或者–
— Grant/Revoke system privileges
grant select any dictionary to LOTTERY;
*/
–变量
MAX_ID NUMBER(12 );
P_SEQ_NUM NUMBER(12 );
P_TABLE_NAME VARCHAR2(50 );
P_COLUMN VARCHAR2(50 );
P_SEQUENCE VARCHAR2(50 );
P_SQL VARCHAR2(500 );
P_SEQ_SQL VARCHAR2(5000 );
P_SQL_SEQ VARCHAR2(30000 );
P_NEW_COUNT NUMBER(12 );
–查询表长度小于26 的表/序列
–游标
CURSOR C_CONS IS — 查询表长度小于26 的表/序列
SELECT T1.TABLE_NAME TABLE_NAME,
T1.COLUMN_NAME COLUMN_NAME,
T1.SEQUENCE_NAME1 SEQUENCE_NAME
FROM ((SELECT C.TABLE_NAME,
CASE
WHEN C1.DATA_TYPE = ‘NUMBER’ THEN
C.COLUMN_NAME
ELSE
‘TO_NUMBER(‘ || C.COLUMN_NAME || ‘)’
END COLUMN_NAME,
C.SEQUENCE_NAME1
FROM (SELECT C.TABLE_NAME,
C.COLUMN_NAME,
‘SEQ_’ || C.TABLE_NAME SEQUENCE_NAME1
FROM DBA_CONS_COLUMNS C –用户的约束对应的表列信息
WHERE C.OWNER = UPPER (USERNAME)
AND (C.CONSTRAINT_NAME, C.TABLE_NAME) IN
( SELECT S.CONSTRAINT_NAME, S.TABLE_NAME
FROM DBA_CONSTRAINTS S –用户的对象约束信息
WHERE S.OWNER = (UPPER (USERNAME))