在Red Hat 4 AS U7上安装Oracle10gR2
1. 硬件需求:
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至少1024MB物理内存
# grep MemTotal /proc/meminfo
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交换空间大小分配需求
物理内存:1024 MB ~ 2048 MB, 1.5倍物理内存
物理内存:2049 MB ~ 8192 MB, 1倍物理内存
物理内存:8192 MB ~,0.75倍物理内存
# grep SwapTotal /proc/meminfo
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/tmp目录至少留有400 MB空间
# df -k /tmp
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1.5 GB至3.5 GB用于安装Oracle软件
# df -k
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1.2 GB用于预安装Oracle数据库
# df -k
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2. 软件需求:
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 4.0需要安装如下包:
binutils-2.15.92.0.2-13.EL4
compat-db-4.1.25-9
compat-libstdc++-296-2.96-132.7.2
control-center-2.8.0-12
gcc-3.4.3-22.1.EL4
gcc-c++-3.4.3-22.1.EL44
glibc-2.3.4-2.9
glibc-common-2.3.4-2.9
gnome-libs-1.4.1.2.90-44.1
libstdc++-3.4.3-22.1
libstdc++-devel-3.4.3-22.1
make-3.80-5
pdksh-5.2.14-30
sysstat-5.0.5-1
xscreensaver-4.18-5.rhel4.2
setarch-1.6-1
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rpm -q binutils compat-db compat-libstdc++ control-center gcc gcc-c++ glibc glibc-common
rpm -q gnome-libs libstdc++ libstdc++-devel make pdksh sysstat xscreensaver setarch
[root@ora10g ~]# cd /media/cdrom/RedHat/RPMS
[root@ora10g RPMS]#
rpm -Uvh compat-db*
在安装rpm包时,如果遇到相关性检查并报如下错误时,可通过安装glibc-kernheaders-2.4-9.1.103.EL.i386.rpm
解决:
kernel-headers is needed by glibc-headers-2.3.4-2.41.i386
kernel-headers >= 2.2.1 is needed by glibc-headers-2.3.4-2.41.i386
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检查red hat发行版本号:
# cat /etc/issue
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检查内核版本号:
# uname -r
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查询相应package是否安装:
# rpm -q package_name
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3. 网络需求:
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检查是否使用/etc/hosts进行名字解析(name resolution),如下命名应有files结果返回
# cat /etc/nsswitch.conf | grep hosts
[root@ora10g ~]# cat /etc/nsswitch.conf | grep hosts
#hosts: db files ldap nis dns
hosts: files dns
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检查主机名是否设置,如下命令应有类似结果(myhost.mycomputer.com)返回:
# hostname
[root@ora10g ~]# hostname
ora10g
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检查域名是否没有被动态设置,如下命令不应返回任何结果:
# domainname
[root@ora10g ~]# domainname
(none)
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检查hosts文件是否包含完整的描述名称(the fully qualified host name),如下命令应有类似结果(
192.168.100.16 myhost.us.mycompany.com myhost
127.0.0.1 localhost localhost.localdomain
)返回:
# cat /etc/hosts | grep `eval hostname`
[root@ora10g ~]# cat /etc/hosts | grep `eval hostname`
192.168.168.213 ora10g.kl.com ora10g
[root@ora10g ~]#
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4. 创建必要的操作系统组和用户:
oinstall组,必需,Oracle产品目录组(Oracle Inventory Group):
如果如下命令没有类似结果(
inventory_loc=/u01/app/oracle/oraInventory
inst_group=oinstall
)返回,,则必需创建该组:
# more /etc/oraInst.loc
创建oinstall组
# /usr/sbin/groupadd oinstall
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dba组,必需,如果需要使用不同的名字,则需要在安装Oracle是进行指定,
可为不同的oracle安装指定不同的dba组:
创建dba组
# /usr/sbin/groupadd dba
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oper组,可选,该组用来区分dba的普通用户,权限为SYSOPER:
创建oper组
# /usr/sbin/groupadd oper
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创建oracle安装用户
确认用户是否存在,如果存在如下命令将有类似结果(
uid=440(oracle) gid=200(oinstall) groups=201(dba),202(oper)
)返回:
# id oracle
不存在则可使用如下命令创建用户,存在请更换用户名:
# /usr/sbin/useradd -g oinstall -G dba[,oper] oracle
设置密码:
# passwd oracle
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[root@ora10g RPMS]# more /etc/oraInst.loc
/etc/oraInst.loc: No such file or directory
[root@ora10g RPMS]# /usr/sbin/groupadd oinstall
[root@ora10g RPMS]# /usr/sbin/groupadd dba
[root@ora10g RPMS]# groupadd oper
[root@ora10g RPMS]# id oracle
id: oracle: No such user
[root@ora10g RPMS]# useradd -g oinstall -G dba,oper oracle
[root@ora10g RPMS]# passwd oracle
Changing password for user oracle.
New UNIX password:
BAD PASSWORD: it is based on a dictionary word
Retype new UNIX password:
passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.
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